植物-土壤反馈对刺五加幼苗次生代谢产物的影响

目的:研究植物-土壤反馈对刺五加幼苗根、茎、叶次生代谢产物的影响。方法:通过温室盆栽试验,分别对未种植过刺五加的土壤(1组),连续3年种植刺五加的土壤(2组)和多年种植刺五加的土壤(3组),分别种植刺五加1年生幼苗,并对其根、茎、叶的次生代谢产物进行分析。结果:L-苯丙氨酸,原儿茶酸,刺五加苷B,绿原酸,咖啡酸,刺五加苷E,异嗪皮啶,芦丁,金丝桃苷,槲皮素在多年生长刺五加土壤种植,对刺五加幼苗叶和根均有显著性差异,但在茎中绿原酸和刺五加苷E无显著性差异。其中刺五加苷E,异嗪皮啶,芦丁和金丝桃苷在多年生刺五加土壤种植的幼苗叶中未检出。在刺五加幼苗的根中,多数次生代谢产物呈现正反馈;在刺五加幼苗的茎中,咖啡酸,刺五加苷E,金丝桃苷,槲皮素呈现负反馈;在刺五加幼苗的叶中多数次生代谢产物呈现正反馈。结论:植物和土壤在刺五加幼苗生长过程不同部位呈现出不同的反馈情况,整体而言,未种植过刺五加的土壤对刺五加幼苗的次生代谢产物更具优势。研究结果为阐述植物-土壤反馈对刺五加的影响提供研究基础,并为人工栽培刺五加提供了理论依据和技术支持。     

Notch1 contributes to TNF-α-induced proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells through regulation of the Hes1/PTEN axis

Notch1 has been implicated in asthma pathogenesis. However, the function of Notch1 in regulating airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell proliferation and migration during airway remodeling of asthma remains unknown. Using an in vitro model induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, we reported in this study that Notch1 participated in TNF-α-induced proliferation and migration of ASM cells. Our results demonstrated that Notch1 expression was significantly upregulated in ASM cells exposed to TNF-α. Notch1 inhibition significantly repressed TNF-α-induced ASM cell proliferation and migration, while Notch1 overexpression promoted the opposite effect. Moreover, Notch1 inhibition downregulated the expression of Notch-1 intracellular domain (NICD) and Hes1, while upregulated PTEN expression in TNF-α-exposed cells. Notably, Hes1 overexpression partially reversed the Notch1-inhibition-mediated inhibitory effect on TNF-α-induced ASM cell proliferation and migration. In addition, the promoting effect of Notch1 inhibition on PTEN expression was markedly abrogated by Hes1 overexpression. Overall, these findings demonstrated that Notch1 inhibition repressed TNF-α-induced ASM cell proliferation and migration by modulating the Hes1/PTEN signaling axis, a finding that highlights the involvement of Notch1/Hes1/PTEN in regulating airway remodeling of asthma.     

不同氮源对丹参和藏丹参毛状根有效成分积累的影响

目的氮素是中药材有效成分积累的重要影响元素,为探讨不同氮源对丹参Salviamiltiorrhiza和藏丹参Salvia castanea毛状根生长和活性成分积累的影响。方法分别采用硝酸铵、水解乳蛋白、蛋白胨、牛肉浸膏、酪蛋白和酵母提取物6种氮源处理对丹参和藏丹参毛状根的影响,分析毛状根生长及活性成分积累的变化。结果硝酸铵最有利于2种丹参毛状根的生长。水解乳蛋白能够显著促进丹酚酸类成分的积累,与硝酸铵对照相比,丹参迷迭香酸和丹酚酸B含量分别提高了2.94倍和3.27倍,藏丹参二者含量分别提高了13.74倍和2.01倍。酵母提取物对2种丹参毛状根二氢丹参酮Ι和隐丹参酮积累的促进效果最为显著,水解乳蛋白能显著促进丹参根中丹参酮IIA的积累,牛肉浸膏则对藏丹参中丹参酮IIA积累的促进作用最为显著。结论硝酸铵是2种丹参毛状根生长的最佳氮源,水解乳蛋白是丹酚酸积累的最佳氮源,不同氮源对4种丹参酮的影响不一致,丹参和藏丹参对不同氮源的响应也不一致。该研究不仅对丹参毛状根规模化培养及活性成分工业化生产具有一定指导意义,也对藏丹参资源的开发利用提供了借鉴作用。     

Oral hairy leukoplakia in a child using a corticosteroid nasal spray

We report a case of atypical oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) in a 9-year-old immunocompetent girl treated with fluticasone propionate nasal spray for allergic rhinitis. The OHL in childhood is uncommon and should be included in a differential diagnosis of white lesions in the oral mucosa.     

颈椎单开门椎管成形微钛板与丝线或锚钉固定术后C5神经根麻痹的对比分析

 目的 比较颈椎单开门椎管扩大成形术中使用微钛板于开门侧固定椎板和使用丝线或锚钉于铰链侧固定椎板对C5神经根麻痹及再关门的影响。方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2013年1月采用颈椎单开门椎管扩大成形术治疗142例脊髓型颈椎病患者资料,根据控制开门方式将患者分为铰链侧固定组(使用丝线或锚钉于铰链侧固定椎板)和开门侧固定组(使用微钛板于开门侧固定椎板)。铰链侧固定组78例,男46例,女32例;年龄42～68岁,平均59岁。开门侧固定组64例,男41例,女23例;年龄44～71岁,平均57岁。术后采用日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association, JOA)评分评定神经功能并计算改善率,记录手术时间、出血量及C5神经根麻痹情况,比较两组开门角度、颈椎曲度指数、脊髓后移及脊髓压迫程度等。结果 铰链侧固定组和开门侧固定组患者均获得随访,随访时间均超过12个月;两组患者均一期愈合。铰链侧固定组术后9例发生C5神经根麻痹,发生率为11.5%(9/78);微钛板开门侧固定组1例发生C5神经根麻痹,发生率为1.6%(1/64);两者比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.047)。铰链侧固定组开门角度及脊髓后移量大于微钛板开门侧固定组。10例C5神经根麻痹者的脊髓后移量为(3.97±1.19) mm,较无C5神经根麻痹者[(2.57±1.01) mm]高。铰链侧固定组和开门侧固定组术前(12.23%±3.70%和11.38%±4.29%)及术后1周(12.12%±3.77%和11.31%±4.35%)颈椎曲度指数无差异;术后12个月JOA评分[(12.35±1.09)分和(13.55±0.91)分]、JOA评分改善率(64.24%±9.49%和61.78%±11.48%)及脊髓受压程度(0.74%±0.71%和0.75%±0.67%)无差异。术后6个月CT示铰链侧固定组27%患者椎板开门角度丢失>10°,微钛板开门侧固定组开门角度无变化。结论 颈椎单开门椎管扩大成形术中使用微钛板固定与使用丝线或锚钉固定控制开门角度相比,不影响神经功能恢复,但可降低C5神经根麻痹的发生率及减少椎板开门角度丢失。     

Prevalence and classification of HIV-associated oral lesions

OBJECTIVES: An International Workshop addressed the prevalence and classification of HIV/AIDS associated oral lesions.
DESIGN: Five questions provided the framework for discussion and literature review. What is the prevalence of oral lesions in children and adults? Should the accepted classification of HIV-related oral lesions be modified in the light of recent findings? Why is there a gender difference in the prevalence of oral lesions in developed and developing countries? Are there unusual lesions present in developing countries? Is there any association between modes of transmission and the prevalence of oral lesions?
RESULTS: Workshop discussion emphasized the urgent need for assistance in the development of expertise to obtain accurate global prevalence data for HIV-associated oral lesions. Oral candidiasis has been consistently reported as the most prevalent HIV-associated oral lesion in all ages. Penicilliosis marneffei, a newly described fungal infection, has emerged in South-east Asia. Oral hairy leukoplakia and Kaposi's sarcoma appear to be associated with male gender and male-to-male HIV transmission risk behaviours. These lesions occur only rarely in children.
CONCLUSIONS: Additional prevalence data are needed from developing countries prior to substantially altering the 1993 ECC/WHO Classification of oral lesions associated with adult HIV infection. The workshop confirmed current oral disease diagnostic criteria.     

犬恒牙牙根正常发育过程中细胞凋亡的研究

目的：探讨细胞凋亡在牙根发育过程中的生理作用。方法：采用原位末端标记技术(TuNEL)，观测犬恒牙牙根发育过程中各组织中凋亡细胞的分布情况：结果：牙根发育时期在成牙本质细胞、牙髓组织、牙乳头组织、上皮根鞘、牙槽骨组织中有特异性细胞凋亡发生。结论：细胞凋亡在牙根发育过程中的发生具有时空特异性，提示其在牙根形态形成过程中发挥重要的生理作用。     

Epstein-Barr virus in lingual epithelium of liver transplant patients

Thirty-three liver transplant patients and 20 controls were examined for the presence of EBV in epithelium of the lateral border of the tongue by negative staining electron microscopy. Five of the specimens (15%) showed particles typical of the herpes virus family, while all controls were negative for EBV. In 3 of the 5 patients moderate oral hairy leukoplakia was observed clinically. Our results indicate that EBV may be expressed at the lateral border of the tongue of liver transplant patients, who in some cases show oral hairy leukoplakia clinically.     

预成根管钉或铸造桩核修复老年人残根残冠的临床分析

目的：比较预成根管钉和铸造桩核在老年人前后牙修复时的操作时间及成功率。方法：随机选择需做桩核或根管钉修复的老年病人，记录操作时间，随访观察成功率。结果：后牙的桩核修复操作时间均长于预成根管钉（P〈0．001）；前牙桩核与根管钉操作时间2组差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；前牙桩核修复成功率高于预成根管钉（P〈0.05）；后牙桩核修复和预成根管钉修复2组差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论：在老年患者前牙首选桩核，后牙首选根管钉。